Understanding Depression

Explore types, symptoms, causes, and professional treatment options for depression.

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What is Depression?

Depression is more than just sadness it’s a mental health condition that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. It may lead to emotional and physical problems, and in severe cases, interfere with daily life, work, and relationships.

If left untreated, depression can worsen over time. But with the right support and treatment, recovery is possible.

Common Types of Depression

  • Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
  • Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)
  • Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
  • Postpartum Depression
  • Bipolar Depression
  • Situational Depression

Signs & Symptoms

Emotional & Cognitive
  • Persistent sadness or emptiness
  • Feelings of hopelessness or guilt
  • Lack of interest in activities
  • Difficulty concentrating
  • Suicidal thoughts
Physical
  • Low energy or fatigue
  • Sleep disturbances
  • Appetite or weight changes
  • Headaches, back pain, digestive issues
Behavioral
  • Social withdrawal
  • Neglect of responsibilities
  • Increased substance use
  • Irritability or mood swings

What Causes Depression?

  • Biological: Brain chemistry imbalance, genetics
  • Psychological: Negative thought patterns, trauma
  • Environmental: Stressful life events, loss, abuse
  • Medical: Chronic illness, hormonal issues
  • Substance use: Alcohol or drug abuse

Daily Life Challenges

  • Difficulty functioning at school, work, or home
  • Damaged relationships
  • Loss of motivation or self-esteem
  • Sleep and appetite changes
  • Increased health issues due to neglect

Effective Treatment Options

First, physical conditions like thyroid issues or vitamin deficiencies should be ruled out.

Common Therapies
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
  • Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)
  • Psychodynamic Therapy
  • Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)
  • Mindfulness & ACT
Medication (if prescribed)
  • SSRIs
  • SNRIs
  • Atypical antidepressants

Benefits of Online Counseling

  • Confidential sessions from home
  • Urdu & English speaking psychologists
  • Flexible scheduling & affordable plans
  • Personalized, evidence-based treatment
  • Improved mood, motivation, and life satisfaction
When to Seek Help?

If symptoms last more than two weeks or affect daily life, it’s time to consult a mental health professional.

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